The Neue Galerie New York (German for: “New Gallery”) is a museum of early 20th century German and Austrian art and design located at East 86th Street and 5th Avenue. Established in 2001, it is one of the most recent additions to New York City’s famed Museum Mile, which runs from 83rd to 105th streets on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan’s Upper East Side.

The Neue Galerie was created by art dealer and museum exhibition organizer Serge Sabarsky, and entrepreneur, philanthropist, and New York art collector Ronald S. Lauder (former U.S. Ambassador to Austria, and heir to the Estee Lauder cosmetics fortune).

The collection of the Neue Galerie is divided into two sections. The second floor of the museum houses works of fine art and decorative art from early twentieth-century Austria, including paintings by Gustav Klimt, Oskar Kokoschka, and Egon Schiele and decorative objects by the artisans of the Wiener Werkstaette and their contemporaries. The third floor exhibits various German works from the same era, including art movements such as Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider), Die Brücke (The Bridge), and the Bauhaus. Featured artists on this floor include Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Lyonel Feininger, Otto Dix, and George Grosz.

In 2006, Lauder purchased Klimt’s painting Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I from Maria Altmann on behalf of the Neue Galerie. Citing a confidentiality agreement, Lauder would only confirm that the purchase price was more than the last record price of $104.2 million US for Picasso’s 1905 Boy With a Pipe. The press reported the price for the Klimt at US$135 million, which would make it at that time the most expensive painting ever sold.